Great Gatsby American Dream Essays - The Great Gatsby,

Great Gatsby American Dream The American Dream Since July 4, 1776 Americans have had the opportunity to pursue whatever they can think of. This has given the people the opportunity to become whatever they want. A person who works hard can become successful; this is what the American Dream is centered around. A person who is a hard worker and persistent can reach any goal he strives for. The American Dream changed as America did. People became more and more infatuated with possessions. The characters in F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel The Great Gatsby each work for their own American Dream. Jay Gatsby, the central character of the novel, has worked from nothing to become a very successful man. Jay is successful in the meaning that he is very rich and has everything most of the people in the novel would want. This is not what Jay is striving for though. Jay doesn't care about the money, cars, and enormous house he has. Love is Jay's goal, he worked for all the wealth and popularity to get to the love of his life, Daisy. Daisy is a woman that Jay had a love affair with when he was younger, but he could never have her because he was not in her social class. Jay then began to do anything to get the money that it would take to get in her class, even illegal activities. Once he reached this level of wealth, he moved close to Daisy to try to get her. ?Gatsby bought that house so that Daisy would be just across the bay?(83). The only thing that really mattered to Jay was Daisy. To try to meet Daisy, Jay threw enormous parties. He finally reunites with Daisy and he begins to sho w off how rich he is to try to impress her. Jay is convinced that Daisy is now in love with him, and is willing to do anything for her. Even after she kills a woman with his car, he says he will said he take the blame. In pursuit of his dream, Jay ends up being killed. Jay's American Dream may seem to be one filled with riches and possessions, but it really isn't. He works for all the things for his one true dream, Daisy, a goal that he never could have possessed. Love can't be achieved because of wealth or Jay died striving for his success, but never gave up his integrity or morals for it. Unlike Jay Tom Buchanan is a man that has no dream. Tom Buchanan is Daisy's husband. Tom is a very wealthy man, but has inherited it all and does not work. He sits around, and plays polo and collects cars. The rest of his time he spends having an affair. Tom does not try to keep this affair a big secret; she even calls him at home. It doesn't matter to Tom if anyone knows or not. Because of his money, he has become an arrogant, unkind man. He doesn't worry about anyone else's feeling than his own. He doesn't care about Daisy or he wouldn't have an affair. He doesn't care about the woman he is having an affair with because once he broke her nose for saying something he didn't like. Tom even had a part in Jay being killed. ?They were careless people, Tom and Daisy-they smashed things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness or whatever it was that kept them together, and let other people clean up the mess they had made?.? (188). Tom's lack of a dream made his life meaningless. Tom had everything he could every want right from the beginning. He had nothing to work for. This made Tom's life pointless. Life is all about the working toward a dream. His wealth corrupted him and he had no compassion for what he had done. Daisy is a mix between Jay and Tom. Daisy has a dream, her dream is to be truly loved, and she isn't getting that from Tom. She married Tom just for his money. But Daisy also wants all the popularity and wealth that she has with Tom. She knows she can't have both, and is torn between

Biography of Fred Hoyle, British Astronomer

Biography of Fred Hoyle, British Astronomer The science of astronomy features many colorful characters throughout its history, and Sir Fred Hoyle FRS was among them. He is best known for coining the term Big Bang for the event that birthed the universe. Ironically, he was not a big supporter of the theory of the Big Bang and spent much of his career formulating the theory of stellar nucleosynthesis- the process by which elements heavier than hydrogen and helium are created inside stars. The Early Years Fred Hoyle was born on the 24th of June, 1915 to Ben and Mable Pickard Hoyle. Both his parents were musically inclined and worked various jobs during their lives. They lived in the small town of West Riding, in Yorkshire, England. Young Fred attended school at Bingley Grammar School and eventually moved on to Emmanual College at Cambridge, where he studied mathematics. He married Barbara Clark in 1939, and they had two children. With the onset of war in the 1940s, Hoyle worked on various projects that benefitted the war effort. In particular, he worked on radar technology. During his work for the British Admiralty, Hoyle continued to study cosmology and made trips to the United States to meet with astronomers. Creating the Theory of Elements in Stars During one of his astronomy tours, Hoyle became acquainted with the idea of supernova explosions, which are catastrophic events that end the lives of massive stars. It is in such events that some of the heavier elements (such as plutonium and others) are created. Yet, he was also intrigued by processes inside ordinary stars  (such as the Sun) and began looking at ways to explain how such elements as carbon could be created inside those. After the war, Hoyle returned to Cambridge as a lecturer at St. Johns College to continue his work. There, he formed a research group focused specifically on stellar nucleosynthesis topics, including the formation of elements inside all types of stars. Hoyle, along with colleagues William Alfred Fowler, Margaret Burbidge, and Geoffrey Burbidge, eventually worked out the basic processes to explain how stars synthesize heavier elements in their cores (and, in the case of supernovae, how catastrophic explosions played a role in the creation  of very heavy elements). He stayed at Cambridge until the early 1970s, becoming one of the worlds foremost astronomers due to his work on stellar nucleosynthesis. Fred Hoyle and the Big Bang Theory Although Fred Hoyle is often credited with the name Big Bang, he was an active opponent of the idea that the universe had a specific beginning. That theory was proposed by astronomer Georges Lemaitre. Instead, Hoyle preferred the steady state universe, where the density of the universe is constant and matter is constantly being created. The Big Bang, by comparison, suggests that the universe began in one event some 13.8 billion years ago. At that time, all matter was created and the expansion of the universe began. The Big Bang name he used came from an interview on the BBC, where he was explaining the difference between the explosive nature of the Big Bang versus the steady state theory he favored. The Steady State theory is no longer taken seriously, but it was vigorously debated for years. Later Years and Controversies After Fred Hoyle retired from Cambridge, he turned to science popularization and writing science fiction. He served on the planning board for one of the most famous telescopes in the world, the four-meter-wide Anglo-Australian telescope in Australia. Hoyle also became a staunch opponent of the idea that life began on Earth. Instead, he suggested it came from space. This theory, called panspermia, says that the seeds of life on our planet may have been delivered by comets. In later years, Hoyle and colleague Chandra Wickramasinghe advanced the idea that flu pandemics could have been brought to Earth in this way. These ideas werent very popular and Hoyle paid the price for advancing them. In 1983, Fowler and astronomer and astrophysicist Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for their work on the stellar nucleosynthesis theories. Hoyle was left out of the prize, even though he was an important pioneer in the subject. Theres been much speculation that Hoyles treatment of colleagues and his later interest in alien life forms may have given the Nobel Committee an excuse to omit his name from the prize. Fred Hoyle spent his last years writing books, giving speeches, and hiking on the moors near his final home in Englands Lake District. After a particularly nasty fall in 1997, his health declined and he died after a series of strokes on August 20, 2001. Awards and Publications Fred Hoyle was made a fellow of the Royal Society in 1957. He won several medals and prizes over the years, including the Mayhew Prize, the Crafoord Prize from the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Royal Medal, and the Klumpke-Roberts Award. Asteroid 8077 Hoyle is named in his honor, and he was made a knight in 1972. Hoyle wrote many science books for public consumption, in addition to his scholarly publications. His best-known science fiction book was The Black Cloud (written in 1957). He went on to author another 18 titles, some with his son Geoffrey Hoyle. Fred Hoyle Fast Facts Full Name: Sir Fred Hoyle (FRS)Occupation: AstronomerBorn: June 24, 1915Parents: Ben Hoyle and Mabel PickardDied: August 20, 2001Education: Emmanuel College, CambridgeKey Discoveries: theories of stellar nucleosynthesis, the triple-alpha process (inside stars), came up with the term Big BangKey Publication: Synthesis of Elements in Stars, Burbidge, E.M., Burbidge, G.M. Fowler, W.A., Hoyle, F. (1957), Reviews of Modern PhysicsSpouses Name: Barbara ClarkChildren: Geoffrey Hoyle, Elizabeth ButlerResearch Area: astronomy and astrophysics Sources Mitton, S. Fred Hoyle: A Life in Science, 2011, Cambridge University Press. â€Å"FRED HOYLE.† Karl Schwarzschild - Important Scientists - The Physics of the Universe, www.physicsoftheuniverse.com/scientists_hoyle.html. â€Å"Fred Hoyle (1915 - 2001).† Careers in Astronomy | American Astronomical Society, aas.org/obituaries/fred-hoyle-1915-2001. â€Å"Professor Sir Fred Hoyle.† The Telegraph, Telegraph Media Group, 22 Aug. 2001, www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1338125/Professor-Sir-Fred-Hoyle.html.